Chinese
There are generally three sources of scrap steel in China: firstly, the self-produced scrap steel produced by steel enterprises during the production process. At present, the steel yield rate of steel enterprises in China is around 95%, and the corresponding self-produced scrap steel accounts for 5% of the steel production. The second is the processing scrap steel such as corner scraps generated during the production process of industrial and mining enterprises. The amount of scrap steel processed in society generally accounts for 3% of the annual steel consumption. The third is the depreciation of scrap steel materials from social production, daily life, national defense, and other industries. Depreciation scrap steel is calculated based on the different recovery periods of various steel products such as automobiles, ships, building materials, and daily necessities, ranging from 8 to 30 years. The amount of depreciated scrap steel collected by society in the current year is the average annual steel accumulation from the previous 8 years to the previous 30 years, and is calculated based on a certain recovery rate. The recovery rate in foreign countries is generally above 80%, while the recovery and utilization rate in China is lower, generally around 50%.
At present, the shortage of steel resources in China is prominent, and the main mineral resources are difficult to meet the needs. In order to solve the problem of steel resource shortage, besides supplementing through imported ores, the recycling and utilization of scrap steel is particularly important. At the same time, the steel industry is a high environmental load industry, and how to reduce its pollution to the ecological environment has become an important issue that needs to be urgently addressed in the steel industry of various countries. Among them, recycling and reusing waste steel is one of the effective ways to solve the problem.
The use of scrap steel crushers is not only beneficial for saving natural resources, but also can save a lot of energy and reduce environmental pollution. According to statistics, using scrap steel instead of iron ore for steelmaking can reduce air pollution by 86%, water pollution by 76%, water consumption by 40%, and mining waste by 97%; The electric furnace steelmaking process, which uses scrap steel as the main raw material, emits only 1/4 of the carbon dioxide emissions of the blast furnace converter process. In an ideal situation, the energy required for steelmaking with scrap steel is only about 1/3 of that of ore steelmaking, while the chemical energy required for the reduction of ore to pig iron alone accounts for about 2/3 of the energy consumption of the entire steel plant. Therefore, scrap steel is increasingly favored by metallurgical experts as a measure for energy conservation, consumption reduction, and environmental protection in the steel industry. At present, about 40% of the raw materials for crude steel production come from the recycling of scrap steel, and in some areas, this proportion has reached as high as 67%. Due to the limited resources of scrap steel in China, about 1/4 of the steelmaking raw materials come from scrap steel. The recycling, processing, utilization, and related industries of scrap steel have formed an industrial scale of over 50 billion yuan. The utilization of scrap steel has attracted widespread attention from the whole society, and scrap steel is also vividly referred to as the “second mining industry”.
